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‫ﺟﻤﻌﻪ ‪ 26‬ژﻭﺋﻦ ﺗﺎ ﭘﻨﺠﺸﻨﺒﻪ ‪ 2‬ژﻭﺋﻴﻪ ‪2015‬‬

‫ﺩﻳﻮﻳﺪ ﺭﺍﻛﻔﻠﺮ ﻛﻴﺴﺖ‬                                                                                                      ‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﻯ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻰ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ ﺩﺭ‬

                                                                             ‫ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺫﻋﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻳﻮﻳﺪ‬            ‫ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﭼﺮﺥ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎ‬
                                                                             ‫ﺭﺍﻛﻔﻠﺮ )ﻛﻪ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺻﺪ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ(‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ‬
                                                                             ‫ﻃﻰ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺩﻫﻪ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﺩﺍﺭﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬            ‫ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺩﻣﺎﻯ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ‬        ‫ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﺒﺎﺱﻫﺎﻯ‬        ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺩﻭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺧﺒﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ‬
                                                                             ‫ﻭ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬            ‫‪ 27‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺳﻘﻮﻁ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﺮﺩ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ‬           ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻦ ﻣﻰ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬       ‫ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻗﻰ ﻛﻪ‬
                                                                             ‫ﻓﺮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬             ‫ﻧﺎﻫﻮﺷﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺿﺮﺑﺎﻥ ﻗﻠﺐ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ‬                                               ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﭼﺮﺥ ﻳﻚ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻪ‬
                                                                             ‫ﺍﻳﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﺘﺤﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻫﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ‬           ‫ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺘﺪ‪.‬‬           ‫ﻛﺮﻳﻨﺪﻟﺮ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻛﺴﻰ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ‬           ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ ﻟﻨﺪﻥ ﭘﻨﻬﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﭘﻴﺶ‬
                                                                             ‫ﻓﺮﺯﻧﺪ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺟﺎﻥ ﺩﻯ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﻛﻔﻠﺮ )‪John D.‬‬        ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬          ‫ﺷﺎﻧﺲ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﭼﺮﺥ‬            ‫ﺍﺯ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩ ﻫﻴﺜﺮﻭ ﺳﻘﻮﻁ‬
                                                                             ‫‪ (Rockefeller‬ﭘﺴﺮ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﻮﻩ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ‬          ‫ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﻐﺰ‬           ‫ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﺯ ژﻭﻫﺎﻧﺴﺒﻮﺭگ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻨﺪﻥ‬           ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬
                                                                             ‫ﺗﺎﺟﺮ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻥ ﺩﻯ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﻛﻔﻠﺮ‬          ‫ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺧﻮﺩﻛﺎﺭ‬           ‫ﺑﭙﺮﺳﺪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﻫﻢ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ‬            ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺪﺕ‬
                                                                             ‫ﭘﺪﺭ ﻭ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬            ‫ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ‬              ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻮﭼﻚﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﻧﺴﻰ ﺑﻪ‬             ‫ﺯﺧﻤﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻏﺮﺏ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬
                                                                                                  ‫ﺍﻭﻳﻠﺒﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬         ‫ﺧﻮﻥ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬                         ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺪﻫﺪ‪.‬‬                        ‫ﻟﻨﺪﻥ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
                                                                                              ‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﻰ‪:‬‬                                                    ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﻭ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬          ‫ﺟﻮﺍﻥ ‪ 24‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻌﻼ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮگ‬
                                                                             ‫ﻭﻯ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺤﺼﻴﻞ‪،‬‬                                                    ‫ﻣﺮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬
                                                                             ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1936‬ﺑﺎ ﺭﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺩﻳﻮﻳﺪ ﺭﺍﻛﻔﻠﺮ ﻭ ﻟﺮﺩ ﺟﺎﻛﻮﺏ ﺭﺍﭼﻴﻠﺪ‬                                              ‫ﻫﺎﺭﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻓﺎﺭﻍﺍﻟﺘﺤﺼﻴﻞ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬
                                                                             ‫ﺁﻥ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺗﺰﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻗﻮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺘﻐﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ‬        ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﻡ ﺭﺳﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﺟﺎﺳﻮﺳﻰ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﺎﺭ‬      ‫ﺳﻮﺳﻴﺎﻟﻴﺴﻢ ﻓﺎﺑﻴﻮﺳﻰ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻭﻯ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ‬         ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﺯﺩﮔﻰ ﺑﻪ‬           ‫ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ‬          ‫ﻧﺠﺎﺕ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻭ … ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬     ‫ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﻴﺄﺕ‬         ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻟﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬         ‫ﺷﺪﺕ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬        ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻛﻨﺠﻜﺎﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ‬            ‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭘﻨﺠﻪ ﻧﺮﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮگ‬
‫ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ‬        ‫ﺭﺍ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺟﺎﻥ ﻓﻮﺳﺘﺮ‬           ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﺭﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ‬      ‫ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪،‬‬                                                ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺧﻴﻠﻰﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻭ‬          ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺲ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﺁﻳﺖ ﺩﻯ‪ .‬ﺁﻳﺰﻧﻬﺎﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﺱ‬       ‫ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻜﺪﻩ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻟﻨﺪﻥ ﻛﻪ‬          ‫ﺩﺭ ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ‬            ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ژﻧﺘﻴﻚ ﺍﻭ ﺑﭙﺮﺩﺍﺯﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﺸﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﭼﻴﺲ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪،‬‬             ‫ﺟﻰ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﺗﺴﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ‪ ، IBM‬ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ‬           ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﻗﻮﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺪﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ‬    ‫ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬       ‫ﺩﻳﻮﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﻣﻮﻧﺖ ﺳﺮﺩﺑﻴﺮ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭ‬                           ‫ﺷﮕﻔﺖ ﺯﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻼﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ‬     ‫ﻣﻰﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺎﺏ‬        ‫ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺧﻴﺮﻳﻪ ﺭﺍﻛﻔﻠﺮ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﺬﺭﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬                                                 ‫ﻭﺑﺴﺎﻳﺖ ﻓﻼﻳﺖ ﮔﻠﻮﺑﺎﻝ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬           ‫ﻫﻢﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﭘﻠﻴﺲ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ‬        ‫ﺧﻮﻳﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬       ‫ﻭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1940‬ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺧﺬ ﻣﺪﺭﻙ‬                       ‫ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬         ‫ﻛﻪ ﻓﺮﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬             ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬         ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺳﻮﺩﻣﻨﺪ ﻣﻘﺮ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ‬       ‫ﺩﻛﺘﺮﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺷﻴﻜﺎﮔﻮ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬      ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻓﺪﺭﺍﻝ‬         ‫ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺩ‬        ‫ﺷﺨﺺ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻛﻪ ﺟﺴﺪ ﺍﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﻡ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺭﺍﻛﻔﻠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺗﺠﺎﺭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻫﻪ‬      ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻘﺮ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬       ‫‪ 1889‬ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﺍﺵ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺲ ﺷﺪﻩ‬             ‫ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ‬      ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺩ‬         ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯﻏﺮﺏﻟﻨﺪﻥﭘﻴﺪﺍﺷﺪﻩﺧﻮﺩ‬
‫‪ 1960‬ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻞ )‪(IAC‬‬      ‫ﻣﻠﻞ ﻭ ﺷﻌﺒﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﭼﻴﺲ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ‬       ‫ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﻭ »ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬  ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻛﻢ ﻛﻢ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﻡ‬            ‫ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺳﻔﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ‬            ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﭘﺮﺕ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻴﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬                                                    ‫ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺋﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ« ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬         ‫ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻓﺮﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬                                                    ‫ﻭﺑﺴﺎﻳﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻰ ﺑﻰ ﺳﻰ ﺩﺭ‬
‫‪ 2005‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ 28‬ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ‬              ‫ﻫﻤﻜﻒ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﺴﺰﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬          ‫ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ – ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ‪:‬‬             ‫ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﻣﻐﺰﻯ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺯ‬                   ‫ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬       ‫ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺷﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﻯ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ‪ 19‬ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﺗﺎﺳﺮ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﻮﺩ‬   ‫ﺭﺍﻛﻔﻠﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1949‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ‬       ‫ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ‬              ‫ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﭼﺮﺥ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﭘﺮﺗﺎﺏ‬       ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻓﺪﺭﺍﻝ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ‬           ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﺩﻯ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﻭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺷﺨﺼﻰ ﻭﻯ‬      ‫ﺑﻪ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻪ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻭ ﺗﺎ‬     ‫ﺟﻮﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻌﺒﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﭼﻴﺲ ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻦ‬            ‫ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺪ‪.‬‬       ‫ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ‬              ‫ﺷﮕﻔﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻰﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1999‬ﻛﻪ‬       ‫ﺁﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺟﻮﺍﻥﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺩﻯ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬    ‫)‪ ( Chase Manhattan‬ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ ﻛﺎﺭ‬              ‫ﻛﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬                ‫ﭼﺮﺥ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻨﺞ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬        ‫ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ژﻭﻫﺎﻧﺴﺒﻮﺭگ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻨﺪﻥ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺯﻧﺸﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ‬     ‫ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ‬         ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ‪ LSE‬ﺑﺎ ﺟﺎﻥ ‪ .‬ﺍﻑ ‪ .‬ﻛﻨﺪﻯ‬        ‫ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺩﻳﻨﺒﻮﺭگ‬         ‫ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ‬         ‫‪ 11‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻛﺸﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺁﻣﺪﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﺩﻏﺎﻡ‬   ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺭﻳﺎﺳﺖ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺗﻰ‬     ‫)‪ (John F Kennedy‬ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﺩﺭ‬              ‫)ﺍﺩﻳﻨﺒﺮﻭ( ﻫﻢ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬         ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‬       ‫ﻣﺪﻝ ﺑﻮﺋﻴﻨﮓ ‪ 747‬ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 30‬ﺗﺎ‬
‫ﺟﻰ‪.‬ﭘﻰ ﻣﻮﺭﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ‬   ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﻃﻮﻝ‬          ‫ﭘﻰ ﻛﺴﺐ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ‬           ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺧﻴﻠﻰ ﺳﺮﺩﺗﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬          ‫ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ‬         ‫‪ 40‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﭘﺎ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ )‪ 9‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ‪ 100‬ﻣﺘﺮ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ‬     ‫ﻛﺸﻴﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﺭﻳﺎﺳﺖ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ‬   ‫ﺑﻪﺳﻤﺖﻣﻨﺸﻰﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻧﻴﻮﻳﻮﺭﻙ ﻓﻴﻮﺭﻟﻮ‬             ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﻐﺰ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﻰﻛﺸﺪ‬         ‫ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺷﺎﻧﺲ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ‬         ‫ﺗﺎ ‪ 12‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ‪ 200‬ﻣﺘﺮ( ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﻫﻨﺮﻯ ﻛﺴﻴﻨﺠﺮ‬     ‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ‬              ‫ﻻ ﮔﺎﺭﺩﻳﺎ)‪( Fiorello La Guardia‬‬            ‫ﺗﺎ ﺑﻤﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﻭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎ ﻭ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ‬                                               ‫ﺩﻣﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ‪ 30‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﭘﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬
‫)‪ ،( Henry Kissinger‬ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ‬         ‫ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪.‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ‬       ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺕ ‪ 18‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ‬             ‫ﺍﻛﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻐﺮ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻮﻗﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ‬                  ‫ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬         ‫‪ 54‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺳﻄﺢ‬
                                      ‫ﻗﺪﻣﺖ ﺭﻳﺎﺳﺖ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ‬      ‫ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ »ﺳﺎﻝ ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ‬             ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺪﺍﺯﺩ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﻧﺎﻫﺸﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬       ‫ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﻭ ﺁﻥ ﻃﻮﺭ‬              ‫ﺍﻛﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 26‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺳﻄﺢ‬
           ‫ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ‪ ،‬ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬      ‫‪ 1949‬ﺑﺮ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺰ‬                    ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ « ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬                                                  ‫ﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻓﺪﺭﺍﻝ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ‬        ‫ﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻣﻰ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﻜﺎﺗﻰ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﭼﻴﺲ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻛﻔﻠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬      ‫ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﺸﻰ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﻰ ‪CFR‬‬        ‫ﺭﺍﻛﻔﻠﺮ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ‬                          ‫ﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺪ‪.‬‬     ‫ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ ﺍﺻﻄﻜﺎﻙ ﭼﺮﺥ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ‬                 ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ‬     ‫ﺩﺭ »ﺑﺎﺯﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻯ ﻏﺮﺑﻰ« ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ‬      ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﺍﻯ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺩﻓﺎﻉ ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺭﻓﺎﻫﻰ‬          ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻗﻰ‬         ‫ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺧﺎﺳﺘﻦ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ‬        ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻔﺎ ﻛﺮﺩ )ﻃﻰ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ‬    ‫ﻭ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺘﺤﺪﻩ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ‬        ‫ژﻭﻫﺎﻧﺴﺒﻮﺭگ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻓﺮﻳﻘﺎﻯ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ‬         ‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﮔﺮﻣﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﻮﺍﻯ‬                     ‫ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻋﺠﻴﺐ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻠﻞ ﻣﺘﺤﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻓﺖ‪.‬‬        ‫‪ .(1946-47‬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬      ‫ﺷﺪ ) ‪ .(1941-1942‬ﺩﺭﺳﺎﻝ ‪1943‬‬               ‫ﻟﻨﺪﻥ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺍﻓﺸﺎ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺟﺰﻳﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﻣﺜﻼ‬      ‫ﮔﺮﻡ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‬         ‫ﺟﻚ ﻛﺮﻳﻨﺪﻟﺮ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬
‫ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻠﻞ‬        ‫ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﺎﺕ‬      ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻜﺪﻩ ﺍﻓﺴﺮﻯ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ‬         ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﭼﻪ‬      ‫ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﻟﻴﻚ‬            ‫ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢﺗﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ ﻭ‬      ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘﻰ ﺗﺮﻭﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻯ‬       ‫ﺩﻧﻴﺎﻯ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻰ ﻗﺪﻡ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ‬         ‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﻟﺒﺎﺳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻦ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ‬       ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺭﺍ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﻛﻪ‬        ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺴﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺷﺪ‪.‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚ‬         ‫ﻭﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻨﮓ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‬      ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1945‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﭘﻴﺘﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺳﺖ‬             ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ّﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬  ‫ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﺻﻌﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﮔﺮﻣﺎ‬        ‫ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬
‫ﭼﻴﺲ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻠﻮﻙ‬          ‫ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺎﺭﺷﺎﻝ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬  ‫ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺟﻨﮓ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ‬           ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻼ‬        ‫ﻫﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻣﺎﻯ‬         ‫ﻋﺎﺩﻯ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺻﺮﻑ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺷﺮﻕ ﺁﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﭘﻨﺠﺎﻩ‬                                            ‫ﺁﻓﺮﻳﻘﺎﻯ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻰ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ‬         ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 2012‬ﻳﻚ ﺟﻮﺍﻥ ‪ 20‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ‬            ‫ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ ﻛﻪ‬           ‫ﺗﺎ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻌﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬                    ‫ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﺍﺗﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬     ‫ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﺍﺭﺗﺶ ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﻛﺮﺩ )ﻭ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴﻪ‬           ‫ﺭﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﺵ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ‬                                                  ‫ﺍﻭﺭﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﮕﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ‬       ‫ﺳﭙﺲ ﻃﻰ ﻣﺪﺗﻰ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻭﻯ ﻋﻀﻮ‬            ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩ( ﻭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ‬          ‫ﭼﺮﺥ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﺟﺎ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ‬     ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﻯ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺪ‪.‬‬      ‫ﺁﻥ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺧﻮ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﭼﻴﺲ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬     ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺭﻳﺎﺳﺘﺶ ﺍﺯ‬    ‫ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ‬           ‫ﺟﺖ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ‬            ‫ﺩﻣﺎﻯ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‬            ‫ﺁﻥ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻫﻢ ﻛﺎﻣﻼ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪،1973‬‬       ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1970-1981‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ‬       ‫ﻧﻬﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻫﻔﺖ‬        ‫ﺳﻮﺍﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﻫﻮﺍﻯ ﺑﺪ‬        ‫ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 36‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 37‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﻣﺎ‬    ‫ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﻮﻫﻨﻮﺭﺩﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﻧﻮﺱ ﺷﺪﻥ‬
‫ﻳﻌﻨﻰﺗﺄﺳﻴﺲﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦﺷﻌﺒﻪﺑﺎﻧﻚﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﻳﻰ‬        ‫ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﺷﺎﻏﻞ ﺩﺭ‬             ‫ﻣﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ‬       ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺯﻳﺮ ‪ 25‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﭘﺎ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬  ‫ﺩﻣﺎﻯ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻰﺭﻳﺰﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬        ‫ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮﺍﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻫﺴﺘﮕﻰ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﺭﻝ ﻣﺎﺭﻛﺲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﺎﻭﺭﺕ ﻛﺎﺥ‬     ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺗﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺩﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬     ‫ﺳﻔﺎﺭﺕ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺭﻳﺲ ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﻛﺮﺩ‬                                                   ‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻧﻰ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻛﺮﻣﻠﻴﻦ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩ ﺟﻤﺎﻫﻴﺮ ﺷﻮﺭﻭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﺻﻞ‬       ‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻫﺮﻯ ﺍﺱ‪.‬ﺗﺮﻭﻣﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻪ‬    ‫‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﺧﻮﺩ‬                                                ‫ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ ﺯﻣﺴﺘﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺩ‬
‫ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺳﻔﺮ ﺭﺍﻛﻔﻠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺩ‬      ‫ﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻳﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺘﺤﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻧﺪﻭﻟﻴﺰﺍ ﺭﺍﻳﺲ ﻭ‬     ‫ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻭﻳﻞ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺍﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﻠﻰ‬        ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭ ﺩﻳﻚ ﭼﻴﻨﻰ‬         ‫)‪ (Standard Oil‬ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ‬
‫ﭼﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﭼﻴﻨﻰ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﻪ‬      ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﺪﺕﻫﺎ ﻋﻀﻮﻳﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ‬         ‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺘﺤﺪﻩ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬                                             ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﺍﻥﺑﻬﺎﻯ‬
                                                    ‫ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬           ‫»ﺷﺒﻜﻪﺳﺎﺯﻯ« ﻣﻌﻄﻮﻑ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
                                      ‫ﺭﺍﻛﻔﻠﺮ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺙ ﺛﺮﻭﺕ ﻛﻼﻥ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﮔﻰ‬       ‫ﺭﺍﻛﻔﻠﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1947‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻴﺄﺕ‬
                                                                             ‫ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺧﻴﺮﻳﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻧﮕﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺻﻠﺢ‬
                                                                             ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﻋﻮﺕ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻋﻮﺕ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬
                                                                             ‫ﺁﻟﮕﺮ ﻫﻴﺲ‪ ،‬ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﻛﻪ‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﺗﻮﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺑﻚ ﻣﻌﺼﻮﻣﻰ‬                                                                                               ‫ﺭﺍﻳﺤﻪ ﺍﻯ ﺷﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺪﺍﺣﺎﻓﻈﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺴﺘﮕﻰ ﻫﺎ‬

                                                                                                                       ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ‬        ‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﺮﮔﻴﺠﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻜﺮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺗﺸﻨﺞ ﻭ‬           ‫ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺑﺎﺩﺭﻧﺠﺒﻮﻳﻪ ) ‪Melissa‬‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺯﺧﻢ ﻣﻌﺪﻩ ﻳﺎ‬       ‫ﺗﻴﻜﻬﺎﻯ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ‬           ‫‪ (Essential Oil‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻣﻔﻴﺪﻯ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﻴﺪ ﻣﻌﺪﻩ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ‬       ‫ﺑﺎﺩﺭﻧﺠﺒﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻴﺮﻭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﺩﺭﻧﺠﺒﻮﻳﻪ‪،‬‬  ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺮﺑﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺐ ﺳﻨﺘﻰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﺑﻪ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺵ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬          ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪﻩ ﺁﻭﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬         ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ‬
                                                                                                                                                              ‫ﺳﻴﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﮔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﻫﺎﻯ‬          ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻰ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎ‪،‬‬
                                                                                                                                                 ‫ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ‪.‬‬       ‫ﻧﺎﻣﻨﻈﻢ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺧﺴﺘﮕﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ‬        ‫ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻡ ﺁﺭﺍﻳﺸﻰ‪،‬ﺭﺍﻳﺤﻪ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺳﺎژ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﺎﺩﺭﻧﺠﺒﻮﻳﻪ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺖ ﺿﺪ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎ‬    ‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ‪.‬‬                ‫ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ‪ ...‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﻭ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺩﻩ‬   ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‬              ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺭﺍﻳﺤﻪ ﺍﻯ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻉ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﻫﺎ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻰ ﺧﻮﺵ‬        ‫ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻴﺮﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﺏ‬        ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮگ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﻋﻄﺮ‪ ،‬ﺿﺪ ﻧﻔﺦ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬           ‫ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺫﻫﻦ ﺍﺯ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻜﻤﻰ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬       ‫ﻓﻮﺍﻳﺪ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺑﺎﺩﺭﻧﺠﺒﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ‬                   ‫ﮔﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺳﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬           ‫ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺧﺴﺘﮕﻰ‬         ‫ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺑﺎﺩﺭﻧﺠﺒﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬       ‫ﻭ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺫﻫﻦ ﺳﺮﺑﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬         ‫ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻰ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﭘﺎﻛﺴﺎﺯﻯ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﻓﻊ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻤﻰ‬                                                  ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺸﻤﺎﻡ ﺭﺍﻳﺤﻪ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭژﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻮﺍﻳﺪ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺑﺎﺩﺭﻧﺠﺒﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﻪ‬                         ‫ﻣﻴﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬         ‫ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺷﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
                                                                                                                                                              ‫ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺑﺎﺩﺭﻧﺠﺒﻮﻳﻪ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺖ ﺿﺪ‬                ‫ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﻭﻥ ﭘﻴﺸﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
                                                                                                                                             ‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻴﺂﻳﺪ‪.‬‬      ‫ﺍﺳﭙﺎﺳﻤﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﺶ‬              ‫ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﺑﺨﺶ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻣﻴﺸﺪ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺩﻥ‬           ‫ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻩ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﻓﺘﮕﻰ‬           ‫ﻭ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺏ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬   ‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﻰ ﻭ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﺗﺐ ﺑﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﻯ‬     ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ‬                     ‫ﺭﻭﺣﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﺑﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺩﻓﻊ ﺳﻤﻮﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻮﺍﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ‬       ‫ﺗﻨﻔﺴﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺁﺳﻢ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ‬          ‫ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻩ ﺭﻭﻏﻨﻰ ﺑﺎﺩﺭﻧﺠﺒﻮﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﻮﻯ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺧﻮﻥ‬             ‫ﺷﻜﻤﻰ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺑﺎﺩﺭﻧﺠﺒﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﺮ‬          ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮔﺮﻡ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﻰ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﻭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺧﺴﺘﮕﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬                                                  ‫ﻭ ﻗﻠﺒﻰ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ‬                                                    ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ‬
                                                                                                                                                                                                      ‫ﺗﻨﻔﺴﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﻳﺮﻭﺳﻰ‬
                                                                                                                                         ‫ﺑﺎﺩﺭﻧﺠﺒﻮﻳﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬                                              ‫ﺑﻮﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺮﺩ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻬﺎﻯ‬                                                ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻣﻔﻴﺪﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ‬                                               ‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺭﺯ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﺤﺎﻥ ﻭ‬                                                 ‫ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ‬
                                                                                                                       ‫ﺍﺳﻄﻮﺧﻮﺩﻭﺱ‪ ،‬ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬                                                    ‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﺼﺒﻰ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬

                                                                                                                          ‫ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺑﺎﺩﺭﻧﺠﺒﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻣﻴﺂﻳﺪ‪.‬‬                                                                        ‫ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
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