Page 14 - (کیهان لندن - سال سى و سوم ـ شماره ۱ (دوره جديد

P. 14

‫و ه ﻮروز‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪ - Page 14 - 14‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪1‬‬
‫ﺷﻨﺒﻪ ‪ 1‬ﺗﺎ ﭘﻨﺠﺸﻨﺒﻪ‪ 13‬ﻓﺮﻭﺭﺩﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻩ ‪1394‬ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻯ‬

‫ﻣﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﺩﺭﻩ ﻣﺮﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎﻯ ﺍﺩﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ‬

‫ُﻣﻬﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺩ‪ .‬ژﻳﻠﺒﺮ ﻻﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﻧﻔﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﻬﻤﻦ ‪ 1324‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻗﻮﺍﻡ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻞ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺳﺨﻨﺴﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻠﻚﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﻯ ﻓﺮﻭﺯﺍﻧﻔﺮ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﻕ ﺭﺿﺎﺯﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻔﻖ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺩ »ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻛﻬﻦﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻧﺜﺮ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻰ«‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺍﻭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺗﺤﺼﻴﻠﻰ ‪ 1308 -1307‬ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﻚﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ﺍﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺶ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻧﻜﺸﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻔﺎ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺧﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺎﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺛﺮﻯ‬ ‫‪ 1326‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻓﻦ ﺷﻌﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻠﻚﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍ ﻫﻤﭙﺎﻳﺔ ﺁﻥ ﻃﺎﻳﻔﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺎﻋﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻋﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺲ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﭘﺎﻧﺰﺩﻫﻢ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺭﻳﺎﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺯﻳﻨﺖ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ‪ ،1308‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺪﺗﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻧﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺘﺨﺎﺭﺁﻣﻴﺰ ﺷﻤﺮﺩﻩﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻛﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺣﺰﺏ ﺩﻣﻮﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺎ ‪ 1312‬ﭼﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺒﺲ ﻭ ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺒﻚﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺳﻞ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻜﻮﻡ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ‪ 1312‬ﺍﺯ ﺯﻧﺪﺍﻥ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻳﻚ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﮕﺎﺭ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﻛﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﺱ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﻫﻬﺎﻯ ﺗﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺩﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺪ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ‪ 1313‬ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ‪ 1329‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫‪ 1326‬ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﺎﻃﺖ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺮﻭﻏﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‬
‫ﭼﺎپ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺮ ﺁﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ 1326‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﻩ ﻣﺮﺩ ﺍﺩﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻮﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪﺕ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺧﺼﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻼﺟﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬
‫ﺳﻞ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻧﻜﺮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻟﻮﺯﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻮﻳﺲ ﺭﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺗﻘﻰ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺭ ﺩ ﺭ ﺷﺎ ﻧﺰ ﺩ ﻫﻢ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ‪ 1332‬ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺸﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﻩ ﻓﺮﺩﻭﺳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻧﮕﺎﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﻗﺼﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﻪﻳﺎﺩ ﻭﻃﻦ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﺭﺳﻰ ﺍﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ »ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫»ﻟُ َﺰﻧﻴﻪ« ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﺮﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﺑﺎﻥ ‪ 1265‬ﻫ‪ .‬ﺵ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ ‪ 1305‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﮔﻰ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﻣﻠﻰ ﻓﺮﺍﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻰ« ﭼﺎپ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﻴﻘﻪ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﺯﺭﻳﻦﻛﻮﺏ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺻﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻴﻤﻪﻛﺎﺭﻩ ﺭﻫﺎ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻫ‪ .‬ﻕ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ »ﺳﺮﺷﻮﺭ« ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻴﻪ ﺩﺭﮔﺰ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﺷﺎﺭﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺳﺒﻚﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﻧﻮﻳﺴﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺳﻔﺮ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﻳﺲ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﻬﺎﻯ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻰ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺭﺩﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬ ‫ﺯﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺪﺭﺵ ﻣﻴﺮﺯﺍ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﻛﺎﻇﻢ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﻌﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺳﻮﻡ ﻧﻮﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺰﻭﺍﻯ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺭﺍ ﺿﺎﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺨﺸﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪ 1328‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﻛﺸﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ ،‬ﺟﺰ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺲ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﺒﻮﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻠﻚﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻗﺪﺱ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ‪ 1334‬ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ‪ 1307‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷﺸﻢ ﻭ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﺩﺍﺩ ‪ 1329‬ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ‬
‫ﺷﺮﺡ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺍﺩﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺻﻠﺢ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺲ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﺿﻮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﺻﺮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ؛ ﺍﺩﺑﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻜﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻜﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻨﺎﺭﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺎ ﺭ ﺩ ﺭ ﺗﺪ ﻭ ﻳﻦ ﺩ ﺳﺘﻮ ﺭ ﺯ ﺑﺎ ﻥ ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻮﺩ )ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺗﻘﻰ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﭘﻨﺞ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩ )ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺳﺲ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ :‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺎﻳﮕﺎﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻣﻰ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﮔﺬﺷﺖ ﭘﺪﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﺍﻭ ﻣﻜﺘﺐ ﻏﻨﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﻃﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬
‫‪ (1329‬ﺳﻬﻢ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ‬ ‫ﺍ ﺑﻮ ﺍ ﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﺣﺎ ﺋﺮ ﻯ ﺯ ﺍ ﺩ ﻩ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻬﻨﺪ ﺱ‬
‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﮔﻔﺘﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﻓﻌﻞ‪ ،‬ﺗﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺳﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺣﻜﻤﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﺣﻤﺪ ﻟﻨﻜﺮﺍﻧﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻈﻔﺮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺯﻩﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﻢ ﻭ ﻧﺜﺮ ﭘﺪﻳﺪ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﻥ ﻭ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﻚ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻪ ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺕ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺭﺷﺎﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩ ﻫﺮﻣﺰ(‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻬﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻋﺮﻯ ﻏﺰﻟﺴﺮﺍ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺘﻜﺎﺭ ﺷﺨﺼﻰ ﺍﻭﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺩﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺭ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺖ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺍ ﻧﺘﺨﺎ ﺏ ﺷﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺧﺎﻧﺪﺍﻥ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺴﻞ‬
‫ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺩﻋﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻚﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﻧﺜﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺟﻐﺪ ﺟﻨﮓ ﺭﺍ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺼﺎﻳﺪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﻀﺎﻯ ﻃﺒﻊ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺯﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺻﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﻔﺎﻯ ﭼﻜﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮﻯ ﺳﺮﻭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺮﺯﺍ ﺍﺣﻤﺪ ﺻﺒﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺷﺎﻧﻰ )ﺩﺭﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻏﺰﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺗﻔﻨﻦ ﻣﻰﺳﺮﻭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﺱ ﺳﺒﻚﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻏﺰﻟﻬﺎﻯ ﺍﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻐﺎﻥ ﺯ ﺟﻐﺪ ﺟﻨﮓ ﻭ ُﻣﺮﻏﺎﻯ ﺍﻭ‬ ‫‪ ،(1229‬ﻗﺼﻴﺪﻩﺳﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺮﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻬﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻣﻀﻤﻮﻥ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﺩﺑﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻰ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺑﺪ ﺑﺮﻳﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺩ ﻧﺎﻯ ﺍﻭ‬
‫ﺳﺮﻭﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺰﻟﺴﺮﺍﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺣﻴﺎﺕ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻭﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺤﻌﻠﻰﺷﺎﻩ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩ ﺍﻧﺪﻙ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﻟﻔﻈﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﺍﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺠﻼﺕ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺍﺭﺩﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ ‪،1330‬‬
‫ﻭ ﻓﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺴﺠﺎﻡ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺑﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻧﻮﺑﻬﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻜﺪﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ‬ ‫ﭘﺪﺭ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺗﺨﻠﺺ ﺻﺒﻮﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ ،‬ﺟﺰ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻏﺰﻝ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺧﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﻣﻐﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻧﺶ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﺪﺭﻭﺩ ﮔﻔﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻤﻴﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﮕﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺮ ﺧﻼﻑ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﮔﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻧﻮ‪ ،‬ﻳﻐﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭﺭﺵ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺵ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﮔﺮﺟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻭ ﮔﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻀﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺩﺁﻣﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﮔﻠﻬﺎﻯ ﺭﻧﮕﺎﺭﻧﮓ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺎﻡ ﻧﻮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻇﻬﻴﺮﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻙ ﺳﭙﺮﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺷﻜﻮﺍﺋﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻭﻃﻨﻰ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﺴﺘﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺩﻭﺳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﻣﻴﺮﺯﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ‪،‬‬
‫ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﻴﺪﻩﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻗﺴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺁﺭﻣﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻬﺮ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻭ ﺳﺨﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺷﻌﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻃﺒﻊ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﭼﺎپ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺵ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﺪﺭ ﺍﻫﻞ ﺳﻮﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺯﻧﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻥ ﺯﺑﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﺑﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﺜﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻡ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻔﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺮﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍژﻩﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺧﻂ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺳﻨﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ ﭘﺪﺭﺵ‬
‫»ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺩﻟﻜﺶ«‪» ،‬ﺑﺎﺩ ﺻﺒﺎ ﺑﺮ ﮔﻞ ﮔﺬﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﺭﺟﺎﻝ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﻭ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻛﻦ«‪» ،‬ﺍﻯ ﺷﻬﻨﺸﻪ«‪» ،‬ﺍﻯ ﺷﻜﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﻘﺪ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺩﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺎﻧﺪﺭ ﺩﻭﻣﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ‬
‫ﺩﻝ«‪» ،‬ﺍﻯ ﻛﺒﻮﺗﺮ«‪» ،‬ﮔﺮ ﺭﻗﻴﺐ ﺁﻳﺪ«‪،‬‬ ‫ﺭ ﺳﺎ ﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻯ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻰ ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﺸﻨﺎ ﻣﻪ ‪،‬‬
‫»ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﺭ«‪» ،‬ﺯ ﻣﻦ ﻧﮕﺎﺭﻡ«‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﺗﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺧﻮﺍﻧﻴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺑﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻰﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ‬
‫»ﭘﺮﺩﻩ ﺯ ﺭﺥ ﺑﺮﺍﻓﻜﻦ«‪» ،‬ﺳﺮﻭﺩ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻯ«‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻋﻘﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻮﻥ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻯ‪،‬‬
‫»ﻋﺮﻭﺱ ﮔﻞ«‪» ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ ﺭﻭ« ﻭ »ﻣﺮﻍ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺟﺎﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺴﺠﺎﻡ ﻛﻼﻡ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻚﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﻧﻈﻢ ﻭ ﻧﺜﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺯﺑﺎﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺻﺪﺍﻯ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻊ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻋﺮﻯ ﻫﻢ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﺣﺰﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺣﻮﺍﺷﻰ‬
‫ﺳﺤﺮ« ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪﺍﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺗﺤﺼﻴﻼﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺷﺎﻫﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻓﺮﺩﻭﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺧﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺵ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻥ‬
‫ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻯ ﻓﺮﺍ ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻍ ﺳﺤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻋﻤﻴﻖ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﮕﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺪﺩ ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﭘﺮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺳﺮﺷﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﺍﻭﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻍ ﺳﺤﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻴﺼﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﺩﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺍﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺳﺎﻟﮕﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻜﺘﺐ ﺭﻓﺖ‬
‫ﻗﻤﺮﺍﻟﻤﻠﻮﻙ ﻭﺯﻳﺮﻯ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪﺓ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻴﺖ ﺭﺳﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺣﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎپ ﻧﺮﺳﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺟﻼﻝ ﻣﺘﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺶ ﺳﺎﻟﮕﻰ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻰ ﻭ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺭﺍ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻪﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻋﺮﺑﻰ ﺗﺎ ﺁﻥ ﺣﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻭﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺎﻓﻰ ﻧﻘﺪ ﺑﮕﺬﺭﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻫﻔﺖ ﺳﺎﻟﮕﻰ ﻧﺰﺩ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻍ ﺳﺤﺮ ﻧﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﺮﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﮕﺬﺭﺩ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎپ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺯﺑﺎﻧﻬﺎﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﭘﺪﺭ ﺷﺎﻫﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻣﻮﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺷﻌﺮ‬
‫ﺩﺍﻍ ﻣﺮﺍ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﺗﺮ ﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩﻯ ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻧﻬﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﻭﺗﻦ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻋﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺷﺎﻋﺮﺍﻥ ﺳﻠﻒ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﺎﻙﻧﻮﻳﺲ ﺍﺷﻌﺎﺭﺵ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺳﺮﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺻﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺯ ﺁﻩ ﺷﺮﺭ ﺑﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﻔﺲ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺫﻫﻦ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﺑﮕﺬﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﺍﺟﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﺸﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺷﻌﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻰ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺰﺩ ﭘﺪﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺷﻜﻦ ﻭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻭ ﺯﺑﺮ ﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻳﻬﻪﮔﻮﻳﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻚﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﻧﺜﺮ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﺭﺗﺠﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﻌﻰ ﻓﺮﺍﺥﺍﻧﺪﻳﺶ ﻭ ﺯﻭﺩﻳﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺘﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ‪ 30‬ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺼﻴﻼﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺰﺩ ﻣﻴﺮﺯﺍ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺑﻠﺒﻞ ﭘﺮ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺯ ﻛﻨﺞ ﻗﻔﺲ ﺩﺭﺁ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻀﺎﻳﻖ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﻭ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺲ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻫﻢ‬
‫ﺗﻨﮕﻨﺎﻯ ﻗﺎﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﻣﻰﺁﻣﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻚﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺭﺿﺎ ﺷﺎﻩ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﻳﺐ ﻧﻴﺸﺎﺑﻮﺭﻯ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺘﻰ‬
‫ﻧﻐﻤﺔ ﺁﺯﺍﺩﻱ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺑﺸﺮ ﺳﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻋﺮﻯ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻨﻔﻮﺍﻥ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﻧﺸﺪﻩﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫‪ 15‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻭﺿﺎﻉ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﻀﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﺳﺪﺍﻥ ﺳﺮﻭﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﺩﺑﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻲ ﻋﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﺎﻙ ﺗﻴﺮﻩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺪﺭﺵ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺷﺮﻭﺍﻧﻰ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﻭ ﻫﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﺨﺸﻴﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺮگ ﻧﺎﺻﺮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺁﻣﺪﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﻋﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻞ ﻗﻠﻢ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺩﺑﻰ ﻭ ﺯﺑﺎﻧﻰ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻰﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﺎﺳﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺱ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺣﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺍﻭ‬
‫ﭘﺮ ﺷﺮﺭ ﻛﻦ!‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻟﻐﺎﺗﻰ ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻈﻔﺮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﻩ ﭼﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺪﺭﺵ ﺍﻗﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﺷﺘﻴﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻏﻼﻣﺮﺿﺎ ﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﻳﺎﺳﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ‪ 1311‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻇﻠﻢ ﻇﺎﻟﻢ‪ ،‬ﺟﻮﺭ ﺻﻴﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻳﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺭﺑﺎﻋﻰ ﺟﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺭﺳﻴﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺍﻭﺿﺎﻉ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﻧﻔﻴﺴﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻴﻤﻮﺭﺗﺎﺵ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰﺍﺻﻐﺮ ﺣﻜﻤﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ‬
‫ﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺧﻮﺏ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺁﺷﻴﺎﻧﻢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻣﻰﺁﻣﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻋﺠﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﺿﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺘﻮﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﺴﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻋﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻋﺘﻨﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻱ ﺧﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﺍﻱ ﻓﻠﻚ‪ ،‬ﺍﻱ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﻣﻰﺍﻧﮕﻴﺨﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ ﺍﻭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺳﺮﻭﺩﻥ ﻣﻨﻊ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻧﻮﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﻤﻨﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﭼﻮﻥ ﻣﺠﻤﻞﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺺ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬

‫ﺷﺎﻡ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﻚ ﻣﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺳﺤﺮ ﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﻴﺪﻩﺳﺮﺍﻯ ﻋﺼﺮ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻼﺵ ﻛﺮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻗﺼﻴﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻠﻌﻤﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﺟﻮﺍﻣﻊﺍﻟﺤﻜﺎﻳﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻧﻮﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎﺭ‪» ،‬ﺑﺚﺍﻟﺸﻜﻮﻯ«‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ‪ 1337‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻮﻓﻰ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﺩﺑﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻃﺒﻊ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﻭﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﮔﺎﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻗﺼﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺍﺑﺮ ﭼﺸﻤﻢ‪ ،‬ژﺍﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﻌﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﻠﻒ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺭﻭﺩﻛﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺧﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺖ ﺗﻮﻗﻴﻒ ﻧﻮﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺳﺮﻭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺘﻮﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺟﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺮﺯﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮﻯ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﻔﺲ‪ ،‬ﭼﻮﻥ ﺩﻟﻢ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﮓ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻭ ﻗﺎﻓﻴﻪ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺳﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺗﻘﻰ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻛﻮﺩﺗﺎﻯ ‪ 1299‬ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﻪ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ ﺁﺛﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﮔﻔﺘﻪﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺷﻌﻠﻪ ﻓﻜﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻗﻔﺲ ﺍﻱ ﺁﻩ ﺁﺗﺸﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﻮﺁﻭﺭﻳﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻋﻼﻗﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺪﺕ‪ ،‬ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﺳﺒﻚﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﻭ ﻧﮕﺎﺭﺵ ﺍﺣﻮﺍﻝ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻗﺼﻴﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺩﺳﺖ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺖ ﮔﻞ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻣﺮﺍ ﻣﭽﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻭﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺑﻴﮕﺎﻧﻪ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻡ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﭘﺪﺭﺵ ﺩﺭ ‪ 18‬ﺳﺎﻟﮕﻰ ﺍﻭ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺎﺩﻣﺎﻧﺪﻧﻰﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻗﺼﻴﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺮﺩﻭﺳﻰ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺷﺎﻫﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻀﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻮ ﭼﻨﺎﻥ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﻋﺎﺷﻖ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﮔﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻼﻡ ﻧﺎﻫﻤﮕﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﮔﺬﺷﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﻧﺸﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻠﻮﻯ ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ﺧﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﺠﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺡ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍ ﺳﺮﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﭼﻨﺪﻯ ﺑﻌﺪ ‪ 1316‬ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺲ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺩﻛﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻛﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﺮﺳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻥ ﭘﺴﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﺴﺖ ﺳﺎﻟﮕﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺯﻧﺪﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻛﻮﺩﺗﺎ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺮ ﺷﺎﻋﺮﻯ ﺍﻭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺼﻴﺪﻩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻍ ﺑﻲﺩﻝ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﺡ ﻫﺠﺮﺍﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺜﻨﻮﻳﻬﺎﻯ ﺍﻭ ﺩﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻨﻮﻳﻬﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮﺭ ‪20‬‬ ‫ﺻﻒ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻃﻪﻃﻠﺒﺎﻥ ﺧﺮﺍﺳﺎﻥ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻗﻮﺍﻡﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﻪ ﻧﺨﺴﺖﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺳﻌﺎﺩﺕ ﺧﺮﺍﺳﺎﻥ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﮔﻰ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ ﻛﻦ!‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺸﺘﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻨﻮﻳﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺮ ﺣﺪﻳﻘﻪ ﺳﻨﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﺩﺑﻰ‪ -‬ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﺪﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺪﺭﺱ ﺭﻫﺒﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮﺭ ‪ ،1320‬ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﻣﺠﺪﺩﺍً ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻫﻤﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﺷﺎﻫﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻓﺮﺩﻭﺳﻰ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺒﺤﻪ ﺍﻻﺑﺮﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﻰ ﺳﺮﻭﺩﻩﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺟﻠﺐ ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﺍﺳﺎﻥ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻣﻀﺎ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎپ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﻴﺪ ﻓﺮﺍﻛﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻗﻠﻴﺖ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻫﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﻢ ﺷﻌﺮﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺭﺛﺎﻯ ﻋﺎﺭﻑ ﻗﺰﻭﻳﻨﻰ ﺳﺮﻭﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﺰﺍﺩﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﺰﺩ »ﻫﺮﺗﺴﻔﻠﺪ« ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻗﺼﻴﺪﻩ ﺣﺐﺍﻟﻮﻃﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺪﺭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻩ‬

‫ﺍﺯﻣﻠﻚﺳﺨﻦﺣﻜﻢﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥﻫﻤﻪﺭﻓﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺳﺮﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﻮﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻯ ﻣﻰﺁﻣﻮﺧﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺎﻩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻮ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﺳﻔﺮ ﺑﻨﺪ! ﻛﻪ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ‪ 1328‬ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﻮﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻒ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ ﺍﺣﺰﺍﺏ‬

‫ﺁﻥﮔﺮﺩﺷﺘﺎﺑﻨﺪﻩﻛﻪﺩﺭﺩﺍﻣﻦﺻﺤﺮﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺷﺮ ﺍﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﺣﺰﺏ ﺩﻣﻮﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﻥ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺳﻠﻄﻨﺖ ﺟﺎﻯ ﮔﺰﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ‪ 1322‬ﻧﮕﺎﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ‪1322‬‬

‫ﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪:‬ﭼﻪﻧﺸﺴﺘﻲ؟ﻛﻪﺳﻮﺍﺭﺍﻥﻫﻤﻪﺭﻓﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻀﻮﻳﺖ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﺎﻟﺘﻰ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺷﺸﻢ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺗﺎ ‪ ،1326‬ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﻛﻤﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺩﺑﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ‬

‫ﺩﺍﻍ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﻝ ﻻﻟﻪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﻠﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑَ ِﺮ ﺳﺮﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺰﺏ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﭘﺲ ﺳﻠﻄﻨﺖ ﺭﺿﺎﺷﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﻛﻨﺎﺭﻩ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺷﻮﺭﻭﻯ ﺑﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻛﺰ ﺑﺎﻍ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻻﻟﻪ ﻋﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﭼﻨﺪﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﺮﻣﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﮕﺮﻩ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﮔﺮﻧﺎﺩﺭﻩﻣﻌﺪﻭﻡﺷﻮﺩﻫﻴﭻﻋﺠﺐﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﻴﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺨﺎﺻﻤﻪ ﺑﺎ ‪ 1305‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻀﻮﻳﺖ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﻋﺎﻟﻰ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﻑ ‪ 1324‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻳﺎﺳﺖ‬

‫ﻛﺰ ﻛﺎﺥ ﻫﻨﺮ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﻩ ﻛﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺁﻥ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻛﻨﺴﻮﻝ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻭ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻓﺴﻮﺱﻛﻪﺍﻓﺴﺎﻧﻪﺳﺮﺍﻳﺎﻥﻫﻤﻪﺧﻔﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺎﺋﻠﻪ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ‪،1324‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺱ ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻞ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺑﻼﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ‪ 1322‬ﺣﻔﻆ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻧﺪﻭﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﻭﻩ ﮔﺴﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺲ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻟﻮﺍﻯ ﻗﻮﺍﻡﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ‬

‫ﻓﺮﻳﺎﺩ ﻛﻪ ﮔﻨﺠﻴﻨﻪ ﻃﺮﺍﺯﺍﻥ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺮﻡ ‪ 1330‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻭﺛﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻰ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩﺍﻧﻰ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﮕﺮﻩ ﺣﺰﺏ‬

‫ﮔﻨﺠﻴﻨﻪ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻪ ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺎﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﻴﺮ ﭼﻮﻥ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺍﻗﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﺷﺘﻴﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﻳﻊﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﻣﻮﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺠﺪﺍﻧﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﻚ ﻣﺮﻍ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﻠﺸﻦ ﻭﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺖ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ‬

‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻔﺲ ﻣﺎﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻌﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﻭ ﺭﻫﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﻓﺮﻗﻪ ﺩﻣﻜﺮﺍﺕ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮ ﻋﻜﺲ ﺳﺘﺎﺭﺧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻗﺮﺧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺣﻴﺪﺭﺧﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﻮﺍﻭﻏﻠﻰ‬

‫ﺧﻮﻥﺑﺎﺭ»ﺑﻬﺎﺭ« ﺍﺯﻣﮋﻩﺩﺭﻓﺮﻗﺖﺍﺣﺒﺎﺏ‬

‫ﻛﺰ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺗﻮ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺍﺑﺮ ﺑﻬﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﻨﺪ‬

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19