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‫ﺟﻤﻌﻪ ‪ 29‬ﻣﻪ ﺗﺎ ﭘﻨﺠﺸﻨﺒﻪ ‪ 4‬ژﻭﺋﻦ ‪2015‬‬

‫ﻣﺎﺳﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺋﺪ ﺑﺮﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺼﺘﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺁﻭﺍﺯ ﻳﻮﺭﻭﻭﻳﮋﻥ‪:‬‬

‫ﻣﺎ ﻗﻬﺮﻣﺎﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ‪...‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﻗﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻮﻧﺴﻜﻮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﺩﻭﻣﻴﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﺍﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮ ﻟﻮﮔﺎﻧﻮ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻮﻳﺲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﺎﺕ ﺁﻭﺍﺯ ﻳﻮﺭﻭﻭﻳﮋﻥ ‪2015‬‬
‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﺎﺳﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ ،83‬ﻫﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻢﭼﻨﺎﻥ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 1956‬ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺷﻨﺒﻪ ‪ 23‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﻣﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻳﻦ ﭘﺎﻳﺘﺨﺖ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﺮ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﭘﺮﻭﻧﺪﻩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﻳﻮﻧﺴﻜﻮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺳﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺟﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻛﻪ ‪800‬‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺷﺼﺖ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻫﺮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺮﻳﺶ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺪﻩ ﺳﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻳﻮﻧﺴﻜﻮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻳﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﻗﺪﻣﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪1354‬ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻧﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﺲ ﺯﻟﻤﺮﻟُﻮﻭ »ﻗﻬﺮﻣﺎﻧﺎﻥ« ﻧﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺪﻩ ﺳﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﺶ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ ﮔﺸﺖ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺳﻮﺋﺪﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻌﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻃﻰ ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﺩﺍﺩ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 89‬ﺑﺎ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 1090‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻣﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺟﻴﻊ ﺑﻨﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1958‬ﭘﺨﺶ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﻫﻢﭼﻨﺎﻥ ﺳﺮﺳﺨﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﺍﻯ ﻳﻮﻧﺴﻜﻮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫»ﻗﻬﺮﻣﺎﻧﺎﻥ« ﺑﺮﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﺮ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻗﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ‪ .‬ﺣﻀﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻗﻬﺮﻣﺎﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﻨﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺳﺮﮔﺮﻡ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺟﻮﺍﻥ ﺳﻮﺋﺪﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻧﺲ‬
‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻣﺎﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻧﺴﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻴﺎﻃﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺫﻫﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺯﻟﻤﺮﻟُﻮﻭ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺳﻮﺋﺪ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻭ ﻣﺨﺎﺑﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 90‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﻦ ﻭ ﺍﺻﺎﻟﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺭﻭﻭﻳﮋﻥ ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻭ ﺣﺮﻳﻢ ﻣﺎﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻫﻢﺧﻮﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﺼﻴﻢ‪...‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻧﻪ »ﻗﻬﺮﻣﺎﻧﺎﻥ« ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻣﺎﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺟﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺑﻴﺎﻭﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺧﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺧﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺡ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻫﻢﭼﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻓﺶ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺮﻭﺯﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻮﻧﭽﻴﺘﺎ ﻭﻭﺭﺳﺖ )ﻧﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺛﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻗﺪﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﻰ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﺱ ﻧﻮﻳﻮﻳﺮﺕ( ﺑﺮﻧﺪﻩ ﺳﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﺭﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻮﻧﺴﻜﻮ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻧﺪﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺟﺎﺭﻳﻪ ﻭ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻯ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﺑﺖ ﺛﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺭﻭﺳﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ‬
‫ﺩﻭﻡ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺲ ﻭ‬
‫ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺟﺰﻭ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫‪ 40‬ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻯ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫ﺭﺍﻩ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺗﺮﻳﺶ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ ﻳﻮﺭﻭﻭﻳﮋﻥ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻧﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﺋﺪ ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻧﻰ ﻳﻮﺭﻭﻭﻳﮋﻥ‬

‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺁﻭﺍﺯ ﻳﻮﺭﻭﻭﻳﮋﻥ ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ ﭘﺮ ﺭﻣﺰ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺯ‬

‫ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ ـ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﺼﺮ‬

‫ﻧﻜﺎﺗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﭻ ﺑﻨﺎﻳﻰ ﺳﺤﺮﺁﻣﻴﺰﺗﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻋﺠﺎﺯﺁﻣﻴﺰﺗﺮ‪،‬‬
‫»ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ«‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺮﺕﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺠﺴﻤﺔ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﺮﺓ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻻ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺰﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻨﮓ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﻠﻖ ﺍﺳﻜﻠﺖ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻰ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺪﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻛﻠﺴﺘﺮﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎﻗﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺩﺧﺎﻧﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 771‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻔﺮ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺭﻭﺝ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻫﻚ ﻭ ﺷﻦ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺳﺮﺷﺎﻥ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 10‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ »ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ـ ﺷﻴﺮ«‬ ‫ﻗﻮچ ﻳﺎ ﻗﻮﺵ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻫﻴﭻﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻼﻳﻢ ﻭ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻳﻮﮔﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻗﻠﺒﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻓﺶ ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ـ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺤﺮﺍﻯ‬
‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﻳﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ‪ 7‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻔﺮ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺑﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺳﻨﮓ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻧﻰ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﺔ ﻣﺎﺭﻙ ﻟﻨﻬﺮ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻥﺷﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺟﻴﺰﻩ )‪ (Giza‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻰ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﻼﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻢ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 10‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺷﻨﺎﺱ »ﺯﺍﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻫﻨﺮﻯ ﻣﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻧﻈﺮ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻭﺍﺱ« ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪» :‬ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ ﭘﻴﺮﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻳﺪ »ﺧﺎﻓﺮﻩ«‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺟﻠﺐ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﺑﻴﻨﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺣﻤﻼﺕ ﻗﻠﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﺓ ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺼﺮ‬ ‫)‪ (sphinx‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﻋﺠﻴﺒﻰ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻼﻉﺭﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻓﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺍﻭ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‪«.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺮﺍﻡ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﻴﺸﭙﺎﻧﺦ )‪ (shesepankh‬ﻣﺸﺘﻖ‬
‫ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻼﻳﻢ ﻭ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻤﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺍ »ﺧﺎﻓﺮﻩ« ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ »ﭼﻬﺮﺓ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ‬
‫‪ 1‬ـ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺻﺒﺤﮕﺎﻫﻰ )ﺻﺒﺢ ﻧﺎﺷﺘﺎ(‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺮﻭﺍﻳﻰ ﺧﺎﻓﺮﻩ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ؟ ﺍﻭ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﻓﺮﺍﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﻳﺎ ﺧﺪﺍﺳﺖ« ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻳﻮﮔﺎ ﻭ ﺷﻨﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ‪ 8‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﻏﺬﺍ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺮﻡ ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻤﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ ﺷﺒﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺟﺴﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ‪ 126‬ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﻠﻴﺘﻮﺱ )ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ(‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺭﺩﻳﻒ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻫﺮﺍﻡ ﺧﺎﻓﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﻔﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻯ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﮔﺶ ﻛﻤﻚ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻓﺮﻩ )‪) (khafre‬ﻛﻔﺮﻩ( ـ ﻓﺮﻋﻮﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﺰﻣﻨﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻧﺎﺗﻮﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﻨﻜﺎﺋﻮﺭ ﻫﺮﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺭﺍﻫﻰ ﺳﻨﮓ ﻓﺮﺵ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻆ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻭ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﻛﺎﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﻳﻮﮔﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺛﻰ )ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ( ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺎﺑﻰ )ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ(‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﺒﺪ ﻣﺮﺩﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﻫﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ﺳﺮ ﺭﻭﺡ ﺍﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺍﻳﺴﺘﺎﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫‪ 2‬ـ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻧﻜﺮﺍﺱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻰﺍﺛﺮ‬ ‫)‪ (a‬ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﻯ ﻣﻌﺒﺪ ﺩﻫﻜﺪﻩ )‪ (b‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ـ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺍﻧﺴﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮﻡ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﺭگ‪ ،‬ﻧﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎﻯ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ‪ 200‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﻫﺮﻡ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺮﻋﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻫﺮﻣﻬﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺭﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺟﺎ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﻨﻴﺰﻳﻢ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫‪ 3‬ـ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮﻯ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻘﺒﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻣﻰﺭﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﭼﻪ ﻛﺴﻰ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺐ ﻋﺎﺭﺿﻪ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻧﺎﺷﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻜﻪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﮕﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﻦﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺷﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﻣﻈﻬﺮ ﻋﻘﻞ ﻭ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ؟ ﻋﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻰﭘﺮﺳﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 126‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ )ﻗﻨﺪ( ﺧﻮﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻓﺮﻋﻮﻥ ﺧﺪﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﺼﻮﻥ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ؟ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ‬
‫ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻗﻨﺪﻯ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 75‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 100‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺁﺳﻴﺐﺩﻳﺪﮔﻰ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫»ﺭﻭﻳﺎﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﻠﻪ« ﻳﻚ ﻟﻮﺡ ﺳﻨﮕﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﭼﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ؟ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺁﻳﺎ ﻓﺮﺍﻋﻨﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﻴﺰﻳﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺟﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻪ؟‬
‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻗﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﻢ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‪ ،‬ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻭ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 1400‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺧﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻛﻠﺴﺘﺮﻭﻝ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﺎً ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ‪ 2‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﻠﺒﻰ ـ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺯﻳﺘﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻼﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺯﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻴﻬﺎﻯ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 200‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺩﺭﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ )‪(IGI‬‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻯ »ﺍﺳﺘﻠﻪ« ﺣﻚ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺨﻮﺭﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﺑﻴﺪﻥ ﭘﺮﻧﺲ ﺗﻮﺳﻤﻮﺳﻴﺲ ﺭﺍ ﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫‪1‬ـ ﭘﻬﻨﺎﻯ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ‪ 4/50‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻗﻨﺪ ﻗﻄﻌﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﺮ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺷﻜﺎﺭ ﺧﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ ﭘﻠﻚ ﺩﻭ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﻳﺪ!‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺤﺮﺍ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﻠﺒﻰ ـ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻰ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻨﻰ‬ ‫‪2‬ـ ﺗﻜﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻧﮓ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻰ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ‪ 50‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺮگ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﻰﻫﺎ ﺭﻭﺯﻯ ﻳﻚ ﺷﻴﺸﻪ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺯﻳﺘﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺧﻔﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﭘﻴﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺘﻼﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺧﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﺸﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻴﺎﻝ‬ ‫ـ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﺭﻭ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﺩﺷﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻗﻠﺒﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺘﻼﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺣﺖ ﻣﻴﻞ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻏﺎﻓﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺳﻤﻮﺳﻴﺲ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺭﻧﮓ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﻫﻢ ﭘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻕ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺪﻩﺍﺵ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻻﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻦ‬ ‫‪3‬ـ ﺳﺮ ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺳﺮ ﻣﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻗﻠﺒﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺘﻼﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻨﻜﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻰ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺯﮔﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻤﻮﺳﻴﺲ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﻓﺮﻋﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻛﻨﺪﻩﻛﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﺗﻮﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺑﻚ ﻣﻌﺼﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎﻥ ﻓﻬﻤﻴﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺖ‬
‫ﺿﺪﺳﺮﻃﺎﻧﻰ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺣﺪﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺸﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻰﺯﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﭼﺮﺑﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻚ ﺍﺷﺒﺎﻉ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺻﺤﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﻜﺮﺓ‬ ‫‪4‬ـ ﻛﻼﻫﺨﻮﺩ ﺳﻤﺒﻞ ﻭﻓﺎﺩﺍﺭﻳﺴﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺯﻳﺘﻮﻥ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﭼﻴﺰﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫‪5‬ـ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﻬﺮﺕ ﺭﻭﻏﻦ ﺯﻳﺘﻮﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺷﻦ ﻣﺪﻓﻮﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻠﻪ ﺳﺮﺑﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﻥ ﭘﺎﻧﺰﺩﻫﻢ‬
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﭼﺮﺑﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺷﺒﺎﻉ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻪ ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭼﺎﻕ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺧﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻤﻮﺳﻴﺲ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﻏﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺸﺄ ﺟﺎﻧﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ژﻧﺮﺍﻝ ﻧﺎﭘﻠﺌﻮﻥ ﺑﻨﺎﭘﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮ‬ ‫‪6‬ـ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﺩﻭﻳﺴﺖ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﻜﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﻠﺴﺘﺮﻭﻝ ﻭ ﭼﺮﺑﻰ ﺍﺷﺒﺎﻉ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺪﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺭﻳﺶ ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﻏﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻰ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﻛﻠﺴﺘﺮﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﮔﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺪﻓﻮﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪7‬ـ ﻃﻮﻝ ﭘﺎﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 18‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﭼﻮﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺟﺎﻧﻮﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺯﻩﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺣﻴﺎء ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫‪8‬ـ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺻﺪ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻗﺒﻞ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎﻯ ‪ 1989‬ﻭ ‪ 1998‬ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻳﺎﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﻠﻪ )‪ (stele‬ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻮﺳﻴﻤﻮﺱ‬
‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺴﺎﺯﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺯﺳﺎﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﺣﻜﺎﻛﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﺪﻥ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫‪9‬ـ ﻫﺮﻡ ﺧﺎﻓﺮﻩ )ﻛﻔﺮﻩ( ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮ‬

‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﭘﻴﺪﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ‬

‫ﺑﺮﻃﺒﻖ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻤﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺻﺨﺮﻩﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺁﻥ ﻛﻨﺪﻩ ﻛﺎﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻯ ‪ 22‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ‬
‫‪ 80‬ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﺳﺎﻝ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺶ‪ ،‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺻﺤﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺭﻩ ﺁﻓﺮﻳﻘﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺑﺨﺸﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺁﺏ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻯ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺍﺭﺩﻥ ﻻﻳﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﮔﻞ ﻭ ﻻﻯ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻩ ﺧﻂ ﺳﺎﺣﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﮔﺬﺷﺖ ﺑﻴﺶ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺳﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬
‫ﺳﻨﮓ ﺁﻫﻚ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻣﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺻﺨﺮﻩﺍﻯ‬
‫ﭘﺪﻳﺪ ﺁﻣﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎ ﺁﻥ ﺣﺪ ﺳﺨﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺮﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﻭﺍﻡ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻭ ﺁﻧﻘﺪﺭ ﻧﺮﻡ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺁﻥ‬

‫ﺣﻜﺎﻛﻰ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺼﺮ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻬﻮﻝ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻨﮓ ﺁﻫﻚ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬

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