Page 8 - (کیهان لندن - سال سى و سوم ـ شماره ۴ (دوره جديد

‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪ - Page 8 - 8‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪4‬‬
‫ﺟﻤﻌﻪ ‪ 28‬ﻓﺮﻭﺭﺩﻳﻦ ﺗﺎ ﭘﻨﺠﺸﻨﺒﻪ‪ 3‬ﺍﺭﺩﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ ﻣﺎﻩ ‪1394‬ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻯ‬

‫ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺁﺳﻴﺐﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‬

‫ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺯﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺳﻨﮕﻰ ﺳﺮ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﻨﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ« ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺍﺭﺷﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﮕﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎﻧﻰ )ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻬﺎﻥ ﻟﻨﺪﻥ ‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻦ ﻧﮕﺬﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﻴﺮﺕ ﺩﻳﻨﻰ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﻓﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﺨﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺁﻣﺪﻥ ﺳﻦ ﺭﻭﺳﭙﻰﮔﺮﻯ( ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﻰ‬
‫ﻭ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪» :‬ﺑﺠﺎﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻫﻢ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻛﻤﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺼﺎﻋﺪﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭ ﺷﻮﻡ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﮕﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ »ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺩﻋﻴﻪ« ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻏﻴﺮﺕ ﺩﻳﻨﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺁﺳﻴﺐﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺍﻧﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺁﻥ ﭘﺮ ﺭﻧﮓ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ )ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺁﻣﻮﺯﻯﻭﺳﺮﺑﺎﺯﻯﻭﺣﺘﻰﺧﺎﻧﻪﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺭﺍ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺸﺮ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺁﺳﻴﺐﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﺨﺪﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺎﺏ ﺟﺮﻡ ﻭ ﺟﻨﺎﻳﺖ(‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ »ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ« ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﺭﻓﺎﻩ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ ،‬ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻻﻥ ﺍﺩﺍ ﺷﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎﻟﻴﺎﻥ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺁﺳﻴﺐﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﻫﺴﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﭻ ﺯﻧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﻴﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺗﻦ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻰﺷﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ »ﻛﺎﺭ« ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1384‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻮ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﻢﭼﻮﻥ ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻼ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ‬
‫ﺁﺳﻴﺐﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺁﺳﻴﺐﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﺳﻮ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻠﻄﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﮕﺬﺍﺭﺩ«‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺗﺤﺼﻴﻞﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺧﺎﻧﻪﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ ﻛﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺑﺮﺧﻰﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯﺩﻳﮕﺮﻧﻴﺰ‪ 1‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻳﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻳﻚ ﺷﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ* ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ 1‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﺰﺩ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻣﺠﺮﺩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺾﺁﻣﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻌﻀﻼﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺩﺳﺘﻤﺰﺩ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﻪ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺗﺎﺯﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﻩ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻂ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫)ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ‪ 9‬ﻣﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﻢﭼﻮﻥ ﻣﻤﻨﻮﻋﻴﺖ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﺎﺗﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻰ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻰ‬
‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﻳﻚ ﺯﻥ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﻰﺷﺎپﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻃﺮﺣﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪) .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻛﺎﺭ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ( ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ‬ ‫»ﺻﻴﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺮﻳﻢ ﻋﻔﺎﻑ ﻭ ﺣﺠﺎﺏ« ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺩﺳﺘﻤﺰﺩ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﺥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ‪(.‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﺭﻧﻤﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺷﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻁ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺾﺁﻣﻴﺰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ »ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻨﻰ ﭼﻮﻥ »ﺗﻜﺮﻳﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﺯﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺩﻩ ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﻖ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻛﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺧﺰﻧﺪﺓ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻛﺎﺭ« ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻻﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﺡ »ﺳﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﻗﺖ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺮﻙ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ«‬
‫ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ »ﺑﺨﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻯ«‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻛﺎﺭ« ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﻯ »ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻏﻞ ﺍﻃﻼﻕ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ« ﻭ ﻳﺎ »ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬ ‫»ﻧﻘﺾ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺑﺸﺮ« ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺼﻮﺑﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﻣﺼﻮﺑﻪ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﻋﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻳﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ« ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﭘﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺳﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ »ﺣﻔﻆ ﻛﺮﺍﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺷﺎﻏﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﻧﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺻﺪﻭﺭ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﻪ ﭼﻪ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺯﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻰ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﺰﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬
‫ﺑُﻌﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟ ﺣﺠﺖﺍﻻﺳﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ« ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻭﻯ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻯ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻦ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ »ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺷﻬﺮﻭﻧﺪﻯ«‬ ‫ﺩﻓﺎﺗﺮ ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺑﺎﻗﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺧﻮﻳﺸﺎﻭﻧﺪﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﺶﻧﻮﻳﺲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻟﻴﺒﺎﻑ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺗﻼﺵ‬
‫ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺁﻳﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩ ﭼﻬﺮﻩﺍﻯ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬ ‫)ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻦ ﻓﺎﻣﻴﻠﻰ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﺰﺩ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨﺪﻯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪» :‬ﻳﻚ ﺯﻥ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺣﺪﻭﺩﺍً ‪ 7‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 8‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﻧﺎﻣﺤﺮﻡ ﻣﻌﺎﺷﺮﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﮔﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣﻮﺯﻯ ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺭﺍﻧﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻣﺤﺮﻡ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺁﻣﻮﺯﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻃﺒﻖ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻛﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻟﻄﻤﻪ ﻣﻰﺯﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻃﺮﺡ ﻫﻴﭻ ﺯﻧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺧﺮﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﻳﺪ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻗﺪﻡﻫﺎ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ )ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 1‬ﺗﺎ‪.(6‬‬
‫ﺟﻠﺴﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﺮﺥ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﻏﻠﻰ ﻫﻢﭼﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﺸﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺩﻓﺘﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ** ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ‬
‫ﺗﺎﻳﭙﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﭘﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭﻯ ﺗﻠﻔﻦ ﻣﻨﻊ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ‪ 15‬ﺳﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ‪40‬‬
‫ﻓﺮﺯﺍﺩ ﺧﻠﻔﻰ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ‬
‫ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 68‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬
‫»ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻛﻤﻰ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 12‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬
‫ﺁﺧﺮ ﺷﺐ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻢﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻳﺪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﻫﻢ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦﺗﺮ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻢﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﺮﺥ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺍﺫﻳﺖ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻐﺎﻧﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻛﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ‪ 16‬ﻭ‬
‫ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﻭ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎﺷﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺳﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫‪ 24‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻗﻄﺮ‪،‬‬
‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺧﻼﻟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ‪ 29 ،50‬ﻭ ‪15‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰﺷﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻫﻠﻨﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ‬

‫ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﻏﻴﺮﺕ ﻭ‬ ‫‪ 54‬ﻭ ‪ 80‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻨﻮﺍﻧﺴﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎﻯﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺁﺳﻴﺐﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺎﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﻧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﻬﺪﺍﺕ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺟﺮﺍﺋﻢ ﺳﺎﻳﺒﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬
‫»ﻣﻠﺰﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻬﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﺨﺪﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻢﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻥ ﺁﺳﻴﺐﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺭﻭﺑﺮﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﮔﺮﻧﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟ ﻭ ﺁﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻓﺮﺯﻧﺪ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﻏﻴﺮﺕ ﺩﻳﻨﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻕ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻨﻮﺍﻧﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﭼﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺪﺋﻮﻟﻮژﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳﺎ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺴﺘﺎﺩﮔﻰ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺯﻭﺭﮔﻮﻳﻰﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ »ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻛﻨﻮﺍﻧﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﻋﺪﻡﺗﺒﻌﻴﺾ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪ 80‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻒ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻇﺎﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻭﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﻛﺮﺍﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ« ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺣﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ«‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻢ‪ .‬ﻏﻴﺮﺕ ﺩﻳﻨﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺗﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ »ﺑﺨﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪» :‬ﻣﻔﺎﺩ ﺑﺨﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﺨﺶ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﻼﻏﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕﺟﻠﺴﻪ« ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺮﺍﺣﺖ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﻯ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺪﻋﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﻮﺍﻧﺴﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﻣﻐﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ‬
‫* ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻫﺮ ﻛﺲ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻏﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺩﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﭻ ﺑﺨﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻳﺎﺩﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺟﺎﻯ ﻣﻰ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭ ﻛﺴﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻔﺖ ﺭﻭﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﺭ ﺳﺮﺷﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻳﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻫﻢ ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻘﺾ ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺑﺸﺮ ﺗﻠﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺷﻐﻠﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1385‬ﻛﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻪﺍﻯﺍﺵ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩ ﺍﺣﻤﺪﻯ ﻧﮋﺍﺩ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﭻ ﮔﺎﻩ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻼﻙ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﺷﺪﻥ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻃﺮﺣﻰ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﺷﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 1345‬ﻭ ‪ 1355‬ﻛﺴﻰ ﺷﺎﻏﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻣﻰﺁﻣﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻳﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺑﻴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺁﺳﻴﺐﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ‬
‫ﻫﺸﺖ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﺷﻤﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 1365‬ﻭ ‪ 1375‬ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺗﻌﺎﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺭﻓﺎﻩ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ »ﻭﺍﺩﺍﺩﮔﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻋﻮﺏ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺳﺨﻰ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺎﻟﻴﺒﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺟﻨﮓ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺷﻤﻦ ﻭ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺴﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻏﻞ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻣﻰﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ »ﻣﺎ ﻏﻴﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ« ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪» :‬ﺟﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬
‫** ﻧﺮﺥ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ )ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﻫﻔﺖ( ﺍﺯ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ )ﺷﺎﻏﻞ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭ( ﺑﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﺑﺎﻗﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﺨﺪﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺰﻫﻜﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻭ‬

‫ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ‪ 15‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬