Page 5 - (کیهان لندن - سال سى و دوم ـ شماره ۵۲ (دوره جديد

‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪ 5‬ـ ‪ Page 5‬ـ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪52‬‬
‫ﺟﻤﻌﻪ ‪ 25‬ﺗﺎ ﭘﻨﺠﺸﻨﺒﻪ ‪ 31‬ﻣﺎﺭﺱ ‪2016‬‬

‫ﺗﺮﻭﺭﻳﺴﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺎﻭﺭﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﺭﺍﻣﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻋﻠﻮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ‬

‫ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﺁﻳﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺒﺶ ﻓﺪﺍﻳﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻭﺯﺑﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﺁﺋﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﻧﺪ – ﺁﺳﻴﺐﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ« )ﺗﺌﻮﺩﻭﺭ ﻧﻮﻟﺪﻛﻪ(‪» ،‬ﺩﻭﺷﻴﺰﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ‪ 93‬ﺳﺎﻟﮕﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ ﭘﺲ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﺍﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﻳﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺷﺘﻴﺎﻕ )‪+‬ﻋﻜﺲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺩﻳﭙﻠﻤﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﭼﭽﻦ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﺑﻮﺷﺒﺎﺏ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻓﺰﻭﻥ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﺣﻤﻼﺕ ﻣﺮﮔﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﺭﻟﺌﺎﻥ« )ﺷﻴﻠﻠﺮ(‪»،‬ﺑﺎﻍ ﺁﻟﺒﺎﻟﻮ« )ﺁﻧﺘﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﻭ ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﺍ( ﺑﺮ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﺎﻟﺘﻰ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻞ ﻭﺫﺍﺕ ﺧﻮﺩﻳﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺣﺰﺏ ﺁﺯﺍﺩﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﺗﺎﺟﻴﻜﺴﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻭﺭﻳﺴﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻜﺎﺭﺍ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺭﻳﺲ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﭼﺨﻮﻑ( ﺑﻪ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻋﻠﻮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﻩ‬
‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ )‪Self-help in‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ُﺧﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻭﻛﺴﻞ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﻕ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﻣﺤﻠﻞ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﭼﭙﮕﺮﺍ ﻭ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﻧﮕﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺣﺰﺏ‬
‫‪،(the international system‬‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻫﺮﺍﺱ ﻭ ﺗﺸﻨﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻛﻪ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺁﻗﺎ ﻭ ﺑﻮﻑ ﻛﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﻄﻪ ﺩﻭﺳﺘﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﺩﺭﮔﺬﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺷﺖ ‪ 20‬ﺳﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﻭﻟﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺣﻤﻼﺗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻗﻪﺍﺵ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺩﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﮔﻴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮگ ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻫﻢ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻋﻠﻮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ‪ 21‬ﺑﻬﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﭼﻤﺪﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﭼﺸﻢﻫﺎﻳﺶ‪ 53 ،‬ﻧﻔﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻣﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺗﺎﺑﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻰ ﻗﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺲ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1375‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ ﺩﺭﮔﺬﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﺭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻧﺪﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺮﺯﺍ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺭﻳﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻭ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩ ﺟﻤﺎﻫﻴﺮ ﺷﻮﺭﻭﻯ ﻓﺮﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻋﻤﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻛﻠﻤﺒﻴﺎﺩﺍﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﺷﻴﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙ ﺷﻮﻡ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﮔﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻙ ﺳﭙﺮﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ‪.‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ‬
‫ﻭ ﺳﺮﻧﻮﺷﺖ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺟﻮﺍﻣﻊ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻏﻮﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻫﺎ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻛﻤﻮﻧﻴﺴﺖﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﻰﺍﺯ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻭ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ )ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺏ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻠﻌﺪ ﺍﻳﻨﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﻯ ﺑﻠﻌﻴﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﻠﻴﺘﻰ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﺭﺍﻣﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻋﻠﻮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻫﺮﺑﺮﺕ ﻣﻠﺘﺴﻴﻚ(‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻭﺍﻗﻊﺑﻴﻨﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﺏ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺎﺟﻌﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﺭﻩ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﻫﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺍﻳﺎﻟﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻰ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺳﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰﺗﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺷﺪ ﺳﻜﻮﻻﺭﻳﺴﻢ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻩ ﺳﭙﺘﺎﻣﺒﺮ‪ 2001‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺁﻓﺮﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻗﺎﻳﻊ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺳﻰ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻟﻐﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺰﺭگ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭﻳﮋﻩﺍﻯ ﭼﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺧﺎﻭﺭﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﮔﺮﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻯ ﻧﻨﺸﺴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺳﺮ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ »ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﮔﻞ ﻭ ﺑﻠﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺷﺨﺺ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﻳﭙﻠﻤﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺟﻮﻻﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺑﺸﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻧﺎﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺡ ﻳﺎﺩﺑﻮﺩ ﺑﺮ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻯ ﻣﻨﺰﻝ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﻮﻧﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﻣﺪﺕﻫﺎ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﮔﺶ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﻗﺾ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻋﻠﻮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻋﻠﻮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺩﻭﻟﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺑﺸﺮ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻭﺭﻳﺴﻢ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ« ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﻧﻰ ﭼﻮﻥ »ﺣﻤﺎﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺷﺮﻗﻰ )ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺧﺎﻭﺭﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻭﺭﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎ ﻭ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺩﻣﻜﺮﺍﺗﻴﻚ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ( ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺁﺯﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺍﭘﻮﺯﻳﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻣﻮﻛﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ »ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺮﻛﻮﺑﮕﺮ«‬ ‫ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﺘﺤﺪﻩ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻭ ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭﻯ ﺁﺯﺍﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﻃﻰ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﮔﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩﻯ ﻋﻤﻞﮔﺮﺍﻳﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻧﻰ‪ -‬ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻰ ﻭ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺬﻫﺒﻰ ﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺧﺎﺻﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻻﻳﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﻯ ﺭﻳﺸﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬
‫ﻏﺎﺭﺗﮕﺮﻯ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﻛﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺣﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻋﺮﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻧﺘﺤﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ »ﻣﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻭ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﻯ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﮕﺎﻩ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺗﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﺍﻥﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﮔﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺟﻮﺍﻣﻊ ﺧﺎﻭﺭﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ«‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻋﻠﻮﻯ‬
‫ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﻃﻨﺰﺁﻣﻴﺰﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻼﺵ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺮ‬
‫ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﻫﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺫﻫﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺷﺮﻗﻰ ﺗﺤﺼﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺾ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺤﺎﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻤﺒﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﺩﺍﻋﺶ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﻮﻣﺒﻮﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻟﻤﺖﺟﻮﻯ ﺟﻮﺍﻣﻊ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺲ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﺶ‬
‫ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﺳﺎﺯﮔﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﻪ ﻓﺮﻭ ﻛﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺶ ﻋﺼﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺮ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻠﻰ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﺸﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺭﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺩﻭﺭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻣﻼ ﺑﻴﮕﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺎﻥ ﺁﺭﻣﺎﻥﺧﻮﺍﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﺩﻳﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﺣﻤﺪﺷﺎﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻭﺭﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﺮﻓﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﻰﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺩ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻰ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﺑﺬﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺸﻮﻧﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻔﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﮔﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﻳﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﺭﺷﺪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻧﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻙ ﺍﻭﺑﺎﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺭژﺍﻧﺘﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺭﻫﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﻭ ﻓﻜﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺪﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻭ‬
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﻃﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺯﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻤﻞﭘﺬﻳﺮﻯ ﺳﺒﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ‬ ‫»ﺑﺮﺍﻯﺩﻳﺪﻥﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮ‪،‬ﺭﻭﻯﻋﻜﺲﻛﻠﻴﻚﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩﻭﻳﺎﺑﻪﺳﺎﻳﺖﻛﻴﻬﺎﻥﻟﻨﺪﻥﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪«.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮ‬
‫ﺣﺎﺻﻞﺧﻴﺰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻮﺍﻣﻊ ﭘﺎﺷﻴﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ‬
‫ﺩﺭﺧﺖ ﺗﻨﻮﻣﻨﺪﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﻦﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‪ ،‬ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺩﻭﺍﻧﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﭼﻨﺎﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮگ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﺸﺮﻯ ﻫﻴﭻﮔﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺑﻦ ﻻﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺧﺖ ﻧﺨﺸﻜﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﻳﻪ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺗﻀﻌﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻋﺶ ﺳﺮ ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻫﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺟﻨﮓ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎ ﺩﻳﻦ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺍﺭﺟﺤﻴﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺗﻮﺍﻧﻰ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﻭﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻤﻰ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺩﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻛﻤﻴﺖ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺒﻞ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻋﺼﺮ ﺭﻭﺷﻨﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺮ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺣﺎﻛﻤﻴﺖ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻓﺮﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﻨﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﺟﺮﺍ ﺑﺮﻋﻜﺲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺯﻣﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺳﻜﻮﻻﺭﻳﺴﻢ‬
‫ﺭﺍﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺳﻌﺎﺩﺕ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺪﻥﻫﺎ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬

‫ﻫﻤﺴﺮﺵ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ ﻣﻴﻬﻤﺎﻧﺎﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﻭﻳﺘﺮﺯ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻙ ﺍﻭﺑﺎﻣﺎ ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺷﺎﻡ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻙ ﺍﻭﺑﺎﻣﺎ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺴﺮﺵ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺭژﺍﻧﺘﻴﻦ ﺳﻔﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺸﻞ ﺍﻭﺑﺎﻣﺎ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺿﻴﺎﻓﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﺋﻮﺭﻳﺴﻴﻮ ﻣﺎﻛﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻻ ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻙ ﺍﻭﺑﺎﻣﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺭﻗﺺ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﺼﺸﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺳﺎﻟﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺘﺎﻯ ﺁﺭژﺍﻧﺘﻴﻨﻰﺍﺵ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬
‫ﺗﺎﻧﮕﻮ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺪﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺖ ﺳﺎﻟﻦ ﺭﻗﺼﻴﺪﻧﺪ‪.‬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻭﺑﺎﻣﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻣﻨﺘﻈﺮﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻗﺺ ﺗﺎﻧﮕﻮ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻛﺸﻒ ﻧﺸﺪﻩﺍﺵ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺾ ﺷﻐﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺷﺎﻏﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻳﺘﺎﻧﻴﺎ‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﭘﻨﺎﻫﺠﻮﻳﺎﻧﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺮﻧﮕﻮﻧﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺁﺷﺘﻰ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺖﺷﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﭽﻪﺩﺍﺭ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺾ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺩﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺯﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﺷﻐﻠﻰ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻏﻴﺮﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ »ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ؛‬
‫ﻧﺎﮔﻮﺍﺭ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﻴﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﮔﺮﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺯﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺑﺸﺮ« ﺑﺮﻳﺘﺎﻳﻨﺎ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺷﻜﺎﻑﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﻭ ﺟﻨﺲ‬
‫ﺧﻼﺻﻰ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﻨﺎﻫﺠﻮﻳﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺳﺮﻛﻮﺑﮕﺮ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﺳﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺟﻨﮓ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺟﻨﮓ ﺳﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻝ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﺩﻭﻗﻠﻮﻫﺎﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 2015‬ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﮔﺮﺍﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻬﻤﻰﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻏﺮﺏ ﺗﻼﺵ ﻛﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺵ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺯﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻧﻔﻮﺫ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺼﻞ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﭼﻬﺮﻩ ﺯﺷﺖ ﺗﺮﻭﺭﻳﺴﻢ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﮔﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﺧﻄﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺩ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻠﮕﺮﺍﻑ ﭼﺎپ ﺑﺮﻳﺘﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﻞ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﻜﺮﻩ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺎﻗﻰ ﻣﻰﻣﺎﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﺳﻘﻮﻁ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺮﺯﻧﺪﺍﻥ ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺧﺼﻰ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺷﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺘﻰ ﭘﻨﻬﺎﻥ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﻪ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﻬﺸﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﺎﻫﻴﺮ ﺷﻮﺭﻭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍ ﻋﻤﻠﻰ ﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ‪ 5‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺑﺪﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻏﻴﺮﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺩﻫﺸﺖﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﻰ ﺗﺮﻭﺭﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻭﺭﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻡﮔﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺧﻮﺍﻩﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬ﻧﻜﺘﻪﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﺎﻣﻞﺍﻣﺎﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻠﮕﺮﺍﻑ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫»ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻛﻤﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺑﺸﺮ«‪ -‬ﺍﻯ‬
‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﺷﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﺭﻍ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻛﺴﺘﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺯﻧﺎ ِﻥ ﻛﻤﻰ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﺴﺎﻳﺖ ‪Pregnant Then‬‬ ‫ﺍچ ﺁﺭ ﺳﻰ‪ -‬ﺍﺯ ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺾﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻢ ﻛﻮﺑﻴﺪﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﺩﺍﻋﺶ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﮔﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻥ‬ ‫‪ Screwed‬ﻣﺜﺎﻝﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺾﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻼﺯﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﻮﺭﻳﻪ ﻭﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻧﮕﻮﻧﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺖ ﻳﺎﺑﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍ ّﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﻓﺮﻣﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺑﺮﻭ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺳﻜﻮﻻﺭﻳﺴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﻣﻮﻛﺮﺍﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﺍﻳﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﺘﺤﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﺷﻐﻠﻰ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻭﺭﺯﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﮔﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺾ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺧﺼﻰ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺾ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺑﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺣﻞ ﺭﻳﺸﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﺴﺎﻟﻪ ﺗﺮﻭﺭﻳﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻰ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺷﻜﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻔﺎﺗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﻭﻟﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻭﺭﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﺯﻧﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﻏﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻧﻜﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﻐﻠﻰ ﻫﻢ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﻳﻚ ﺭﻭﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺯﻥ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻓﺮﺯﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻳﺘﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺳﻪ ﺯﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺮ ﺩﻭﻟﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺁﺷﻮﺏﺯﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻬﻪﺷﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻫﺮﺍﺱﺍﻓﻜﻦ ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﮔﺎﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺾ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺷﻐﻠﻰﺷﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﺍﻭﺿﺎﻉ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺑﺸﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺧﺎﻭﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺮﺏ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﮔﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺷﺎﻏﻠﻨﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﮔﺮﺍ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻳﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﭘﺎﻛﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﺬﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺷﺎﻏﻞ ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻭﺭﻳﺴﺖ ﻭ ﻫﺮﺍﺱﺍﻓﻜﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻏﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺁﺷﻮﺏﺯﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﻐﺎﻧﺴﺘﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺣﺰﺏ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ‪ ،‬ﺣﺰﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺧﺼﻰ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺮ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ‬
‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎ ﻣﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺟﻴﺶﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﺑﻮﺳﻴﺎﻑ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺷﻐﻠﻰﺷﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ‪ 70‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﺷﻐﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖﺷﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺫﻛﺮ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ‪ 4‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﻳﻚ‬
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‫ﺍﺯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺷﻐﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ‬